Testosterone and estrogen are closely linked in men. The body converts some testosterone into estrogen, and estrogen helps regulate how much testosterone the testes produce.[1][2]
Estrogen can build up when production rises or the liver and gut remove less of it. Its effects also depend on how strongly a tissue responds.[3][4][5][6][7]
Food intake, body fat, sleep, thyroid function, digestion and hormone use can all change this balance. Reducing production, improving removal and limiting a tissue’s response are different ways to approach an estrogen problem.[8][9][10][3][4][11]
Contents
How estrogen works.
Checking a possible estrogen problem.
What changes estrogen production and removal.
Comparing the options.
Practical plan and doses.
Supplements and other nonprescription options.
Food and gut health.
Vitamins, extracts, and other supplements.
Steroid hormones and androgen-to-estrogen ratios.
Prescription treatments.
Study doses and experimental amounts.
Research chemicals and patents.
Checking results and special situations.

